qx314 chloride  (Tocris)

Journal: Bio-protocol

Article Title: Capacitance Measurements of Exocytosis From AII Amacrine Cells in Retinal Slices

doi: 10.21769/BioProtoc.5147

Figure Lengend Snippet: A. Video micrograph of retinal slice visualized with IR-DGC microscopy. Note the cell body and thick apical dendrite of an AII amacrine cell (indicated by arrow), with the cell body in the inner nuclear layer (top) and the apical dendrite descending into the inner plexiform layer (bottom). Retinal layers are indicated by abbreviations (INL, inner nuclear layer; IPL, inner plexiform layer; GCL, ganglion cell layer). Scale bar (A, B): 10 μm. B. Same as in A, after establishing a whole-cell recording with a patch pipette positioned on the cell body of the AII (right). C. AII amacrine filled with Alexa 594 during whole-cell recording (different from A, B). Maximum intensity projection generated from widefield fluorescence image stack after deconvolution. Scale bar: 10 μm. D. Characteristic action currents (escape from voltage clamp) evoked in an AII amacrine during whole-cell recording in response to 5 ms depolarizing voltage pulses from V hold = -60 to -55 mV (voltage stimulus at top). Traces show responses recorded immediately after breaking into the cell (middle) and approximately 3 min later, after diffusion of QX314 from the intracellular pipette solution and block of voltage-gated Na + (Na v ) channels (bottom; n = 4 responses in each condition).

Article Snippet: N-(2,6-Dimethylphenylcarbamoylmethyl)triethylammonium chloride (QX314 chloride) (Tocris, catalog number: 2313, CAS number: 5369-03-9) 27.

Techniques: Microscopy, Transferring, Generated, Fluorescence, Diffusion-based Assay, Blocking Assay

Journal: Bio-protocol

Article Title: Capacitance Measurements of Exocytosis From AII Amacrine Cells in Retinal Slices

doi: 10.21769/BioProtoc.5147

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: N-(2,6-Dimethylphenylcarbamoylmethyl)triethylammonium chloride (QX314 chloride) (Tocris, catalog number: 2313, CAS number: 5369-03-9) 27.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Bio-protocol

Article Title: Capacitance Measurements of Exocytosis From AII Amacrine Cells in Retinal Slices

doi: 10.21769/BioProtoc.5147

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: N-(2,6-Dimethylphenylcarbamoylmethyl)triethylammonium chloride (QX314 chloride) (Tocris, catalog number: 2313, CAS number: 5369-03-9) 27.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Bio-protocol

Article Title: Capacitance Measurements of Exocytosis From AII Amacrine Cells in Retinal Slices

doi: 10.21769/BioProtoc.5147

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: N-(2,6-Dimethylphenylcarbamoylmethyl)triethylammonium chloride (QX314 chloride) (Tocris, catalog number: 2313, CAS number: 5369-03-9) 27.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: High-sensitive sensory neurons exacerbate rosacea-like dermatitis in mice by activating γδ T cells directly

doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-50970-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Diagram of the experimental paradigm in A – E . Nociceptor ablation and induction of rosacea-like skin inflammation. Mice were treated with DMSO or RTX and rested for 4 weeks and then with capsaicin or vehicle on day -1 before intradermal injection of LL37 in mice. B Representative photo and HE staining. C Redness score, area of erythema and skin thickness ( n = 3 or 4 mice for each group). D mRNA levels of rosacea-characteristic factors ( n = 6 for each group). E CD4 + T cells infiltration and CD31 + microvasculature in the skin of vehicle- or capsaicin-treated RTX mice after LL37 injection. The quantitative analysis of CD4 + T cells and CD31 + microvasculature from pictures originally magnified ×20 ( n = 5 for each group). F Diagram of the experimental paradigm in ( G – J ). Mice were co-administered capsaicin with QX314 (100 μM) on day -1 before intradermal injection of LL37. G Representative photo and HE staining and ( H ) The redness score, area of erythema and skin thickness ( n = 3 or 4 for each group) and ( I ) The mRNA levels of rosacea-characteristic factors ( n = 6 for each group) and ( J ) The CD4 + T cells infiltration and the CD31 + microvascular in the skin of vehicle or capsaicin-treated QX314 mice after LL37 injection ( n = 5 for each group). C – E and H – J Data represent the mean ± SEM. ns, p > 0.05. Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc test was used.

Article Snippet: QX314 treatments: QX314 chloride is a membrane-impermeable permanent charge blocker of sodium channels that was purchased from Sigma Chemical Company (St. Louis, MO).

Techniques: Injection, Staining